Urbanization effects are trait-specific and city-dependent across a widespread spider's global range
Bram Vanthournout, Maxime Dahirel, Angela Chuang, Katrien De Wolf, Nel D'haenekint, Isabel S. Abihssira-García, Angela M. Alicea-Serrano, Markus Andersen, Hannah M. Anderson, Leticia Avilés, James B. Barnett, Elif Ba?ar?r, Thomas R Beatman, Jesper Bechsgaard, Trine Bilde, , Dries Bonte
The paper examines how urbanization affects specific traits of the European garden spider across 22 cities, finding trait-specific and city-dependent responses.
bioRxiv · Jun 22, 2026 · PreprintEcology