Investigating Genetic and Familial Risks in Childhood ALL: A Longitudinal Virtual Study Using aiHumanoid Simulations of TEL-AML1 Gene Fusion

Abstract

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer, presenting significant challenges in early diagnosis and effective treatment. Recent advances in gene profiling have identified a pivotal role for the TEL-AML1 (ETV6-RUNX1) gene fusion, present in about one quarter of pediatric ALL cases. This gene fusion is often associated with a more benign course and requires additional genetic abnormalities known as Second Hits, to cause overt leukemia. Our current study utilizes Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) to model the intricate genetic interplays and potential progression paths of ALL in children, focusing on those with the TEL-AML1 gene fusion within a familial leukemia context. In this virtual longitudinal study, we leverage cohorts of aiHumanoid simulations to explore the foundational role of the TEL-AML1 fusion gene in the genesis of ALL, examining its impact when combined with a family history of leukemia. The simulations predict how genetic and environmental factors might influence disease onset and progression, providing a platform for early diagnosis and progression monitoring. Our findings suggest that family history significantly increases the risk and modifies the disease course in carriers of the TEL-AML1 fusion gene, indicating a need for targeted surveillance and potential early interventions in these high-risk groups.