Assessing Habitat Dynamics and Land-Use Patterns in the Amazon Forest Using Satellite Imagery

Abstract

Tropical forests, particularly the Amazon, play a critical role in global ecosystems by providing essential services such as climate regulation, carbon sequestration, and biodiversity conservation. However, these ecosystems are increasingly threatened by deforestation and land-use changes driven by agriculture, livestock farming, and other anthropogenic activities. This study investigates habitat composition and temporal changes in Tailandia (Para-Brazil), using high-resolution satellite imagery. Data from 2013 to 2023 were analyzed across 18 research plots and a broader expanded zone to identify patterns of land-use transformation. Results reveal the dominance of Forest Formation habitats, alongside significant increases in Pastures and Oil Palm Crops. Clustering analysis highlighted ecological heterogeneity, with intact forests and heavily altered plots demonstrating varied conservation needs. Results also forecast a 13% decline in forest cover and a 32% rise in pasture areas over the next five years. The findings underscore the urgent need for targeted conservation strategies, robust environmental policies, and sustainable land-use practices. This research demonstrates the utility of remote sensing for large-scale ecological monitoring and its potential to inform effective conservation efforts.