Complete mitogenome of Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus) and its comparative phylogenetic relationships

Abstract

The endangered Kashmir musk deer (Moschus cupreus) is native to the high altitudinal region of the Himalayas. In this study, we sequenced, annotated and characterized the complete mitogenome of M. cupreus to gain insight into the molecular phylogeny and evolution of musk deer. The mitogenome of M. cupreus, which is 16,354 bp long comprised 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), two ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs) and non-coding control region. The M. cupreus mitogenome composition was highly A+T biased 68.42%, and exhibited a positive AT skew (0.082) and negative GC skew (0.307). The phylogenetic analysis suggested that KMD is the most primitive extant species in the genus Moschus whereas Alpine musk deer (M. chrysogaster) and Himalayan musk deer (M. leucogaster) are closely related. This result confirmed the placement of M. cupreus within the monotypic family Moschidae of musk deer. This study provides a better understanding of lineage identification and musk deer evolution for further research.