Digital-twin optimized transcranial temporal interference electrical stimulation alters rat brain activity patterns and metabolism including deep structures
Patricia Wenk, Keivan Ahmadi, Daniel Mertens, Fahmida Akter, Aref Kalantari, Annika Michalek, Tino Zaehle, Markus Aswendt, Philipp Ruhnau, Rolf Findeisen, Eike Budinger
This study demonstrates the feasibility of TI tACS in rats using a digital twin for optimization, showing altered brain activity and metabolism in deep structures.
bioRxiv · Oct 1, 2026 · PreprintNeuroscience