G. S. Manning

A Hard Sphere Model for Single File Water Transport Across Biological Membranes

The paper develops a statistical mechanics model to calculate the Pf/Pd ratio for water transport through biological membranes, showing it depends on channel occupancy rather than molecule count.

The Physical Basis of Osmosis

This paper explains osmotic flow using Debye's 1923 model, showing that osmotic pressure differences drive water movement through semipermeable membranes, similar to hydrostatic pressure.