Regulatory co-option of a homeobox gene drives parasitoid venom evolution
Yi Yang, S Wang, C Liu, De Yang, Shan Xiao, Zhichao Cao, Shuxing Lao, Y C Chen, Qi Fang, Gōngyín Yè, Xinhai Ye
The paper identifies a homeobox gene co-opted for venom regulation in parasitoid wasps, revealing a nested model of regulatory evolution.
bioRxiv · Jun 25, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology