Weak selection and stochastic processes limit the emergence of antigenic variants during household transmission of influenza A viruses
Hunter J. Ries, Joseph L. Lalli, Kelsey R. Florek, Shari Barlow, Maureen D. Goss, Richard H. Griesser, Tonya Danz, Amra Uzicanin, Jonathan L. Temte, Thomas C. Friedrich
This study examines influenza A virus evolution during household transmission, finding weak selection and stochastic processes dominate, with no clear evidence of antigenic variant selection during transmission.
PLoS Pathogens · May 7, 2026Peer-reviewedEvolutionary Biology