Normative modeling of brain morphology reveals neuroanatomical heterogeneity and biological subtypes in major depressive disorder
Qingchen Fan, Jiahao Gao, Yihan Wu, Yun Wang, Ling Zhang, Jingjing Zhou, Yuan Feng, Yaxuan Lu, Gang Wang, Yuan Zhou
This study uses normative modeling to identify neuroanatomical subtypes in MDD based on gray matter volume deviations, revealing distinct clinical and treatment response patterns.
bioRxiv · Dec 10, 2025 · PreprintNeuroscience