Expansion and increase of human pressures on global land ecosystems between 1990 and 2020
Katharina Ramm, Calum Brown, Almut Arneth, Mark Rounsevell
The paper develops a global Biodiversity Pressure Index (BPI) to assess human pressures on land ecosystems from 1990 to 2020, showing increased pressure in 96% of areas.
bioRxiv · May 28, 2026 · PreprintEcology