Task-general brain state dynamics relate to trial-to-trial performance and individual response strategy

Abstract

Behavior fluctuates from moment to moment, yet individuals also show characteristic response strategies across tasks. Whether these two levels of variation relate to common brain dynamics is unknown. Using an inside-out approach across 10 cognitive tasks during fMRI, we identified recurring brain states and related their dynamics to behavior within and between individuals. Default mode network (DMN) dominant and action mode network (AMN) dominant states occurred in all tasks. Within individuals, momentary state identity (the state occupied at a given moment) tracked trial-to-trial performance. The AMN-dominant state was associated with slower, more variable responses across tasks, whereas its relationship to accuracy depended on the task. Across individuals, switching between the two states, but not time spent in either, showed cross-task consistency, and frequent switchers showed faster, less accurate responding. Thus, distinct aspects of the same task-general brain state dynamics, momentary state identity and state switching, relate to behavior at both levels.