A Bayesian approach for identifying similar transcript dynamics using curve registration

Changes in gene expression over time can provide valuable insights into developmental processes and responses to the environment. Differences in expression may be indicative of potential differences in regulation. Comparing transcript dynamics may help identify correspondences between developmental stages within and between species, differences in the timing of key events during development, and transcriptional response to treatments or perturbations. A straightforward comparison between the dynamics is, however, hindered by measurements that were taken at different time points and over different timescales. To address this, we developed a statistical approach that seeks the optimal alignment between two time series as a function of a temporal shift and stretch. We validated our approach using simulated data and applied it to several transcriptome datasets, including comparisons between different plant species. Our development facilitates knowledge transfer from model systems to less studied species, the identification of modules of co-regulated genes, and the discovery of condition-specific, temporally differentially-expressed genes. The method is provided freely available as an R package.