DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF A QUESTIONNAIRE ASSESSING MICROPLASTICS EXPOSURE, KNOWLEDGE, AND ATTITUDES TOWARD MICROPLASTICS IN RELATION TO COGNITIVE FUNCTION IN INDONESIA

Abstract

Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive environmental contaminants with increasing concern regarding their potential neurocognitive effects, yet no validated instrument exists in Indonesia to assess plastic use patterns and MP awareness in relation to cognitive health. This study aimed to develop and validate a comprehensive questionnaire evaluating microplastic exposure by plastic use patterns, MP-related knowledge and attitudes, and their association with cognitive function among Indonesian adults. A cross-sectional pilot study was conducted involving 30 participants. The questionnaire was developed through literature review, expert consultation, and focus group discussions, encompassing six domains: demographics, health history, MP knowledge, plastic use behaviors, environmental attitudes, and cognitive screening using the AD-8. Validity was assessed using Pearsons correlation and reliability was measured using Cronbachs alpha. The questionnaire demonstrated strong validity for knowledge (r = 0.379, p = 0.039), behavior (r = 0.726, p < 0.001), and attitude domains (r = 0.385, p = 0.036), with overall reliability of = 0.623. Participants with cognitive decline showed significantly lower AD-8 scores compared with those with normal cognition (p = 0.038), alongside high single-use plastic consumption and limited awareness of MP regulations. This validated instrument offers an effective tool for assessing MP-related cognitive risks in Indonesia.