''Citrobacter bitternis'' Ko et al., 2015 and ''Kluyvera intestini'' Tetz and Tetz, 2016 are heterotypic synonyms of Phytobacter diazotrophicus Zhang et al., 2017
Abstract
Members of Phytobacter, a recently described genus within the family Enterobacteriaceae, are still frequently misclassified as species of other genera. Here, we present genomic evidence that the taxa "Citrobacter bitternis" and "Kluyvera intestini", as cited in the literature and listed in NCBI databases, are heterotypic synonyms of Phytobacter diazotrophicus. Comparative analyses of 16S rRNA gene phylogeny, core genome phylogeny, average nucleotide identity (ANI), and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) consistently place the type strains of both "C. bitternis" and "K. intestini" within the species P. diazotrophicus. Recognizing these taxa as synonyms will help resolve persistent taxonomic inconsistencies and reduce misidentification in clinical and environmental microbiology.
02 /Specification & Classification
Click any tag to browse matching papers- Citations
- 4
- Assay
- Research Focus
- Approach
Reproducibility ledger
Nobody has reported trying to reproduce this paper yet. Did you replicate an experiment or run the code? Your report saves the next lab a week.
Sign in to file a reproducibility report.
Related papers
- Updated taxonomy of the family Rhizobiaceae with proposals for 10 novel genera and 35 novel combinations
Natalia Naranjo-Robayo, Tia L. Harrison, … George Colin diCenzo·INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGYPeer-reviewed·Apr 13, 2026
- Taxonomy of Rhizobiaceae revisited: proposal of a new framework for genus delimitation
N. Kuzmanovic, C. Fagorzi, … G. C. diCenzo·bioRxiv·Aug 2, 2021
- Genome based analyses reveals the presence of heterotypic synonyms and subspecies in Bacteria and Archaea
Munusamy Madhaiyan, Venkatakrishnan Sivaraj Saravanan, Wah-Seng See-Too·bioRxiv·Dec 13, 2020
- Human colonization with Phytobacter co-harbouring blaIMP-4 and mcr-9.1 highlights its potential as emerging human pathogen.
Anna Tumeo, Aneta Kovářová, … Georgios Miliotis·bioRxiv·Oct 9, 2025
- Comprehensive phylogenomics of Methylobacterium reveals four evolutionary distinct groups and underappreciated phyllosphere diversity.
Jean‐Baptiste Leducq, David Sneddon, … Christopher J. Marx·Genome Biology and EvolutionPeer-reviewed·Jul 30, 2022
- Phyllobacterium meliloti sp. nov. a novel non-symbiotic bacterium isolated from root nodules of Melilotus albus (white sweet clover) grown in Canada
Eden S. P. Bromfield, Sylvie Cloutier, Michael F. Hynes·INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGYPeer-reviewed·Aug 7, 2025