Transcriptomic analyses revealed the effect of Funneliformis mosseae on differentially expressed genes in Fusarium oxysporum

Soybean root rot is a typical soil-borne disease that severely affects the yield of soybean, and F. mosseae, the dominant strain of AMF in continuous cropping of soybean. The aim of this study was to providing an experimental basis for the study of the molecular mechanism underlying the alleviation of the obstacles associated with the continuous cropping of soybean by AMF. In this study, F. mosseae was inoculated in soil planted with soybean infected with F. oxysporum. The results showed that the incidence of soybean root rot was significantly reduced after inoculation with F. mosseae. The significantly upregulated genes encoded the ABC transporter, ATP-binding/permease protein and the ABC transporter, ATP-binding protein. The significantly downregulated genes encoded chitin-binding domain proteins; key enzymes involved in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, including class II fructose-bisphosphate aldolase and NAD-dependent glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, glycoside hydrolase family 61 protein, which hydrolyse cellulose and hemicellulose; actin and other major components of the cytoskeleton. The DEGs were enriched in antigen processing and presentation, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, the MAPK signalling pathway, protein processing in the endoplasmic reticulum and RNA degradation. Inoculation with F. mosseae could promote the growth and development of soybean and improve disease resistance. This study provides an experimental basis for further research on the molecular mechanism underlying the alleviation of challenges associated with the continuous cropping of soybean by AMF.