The R package divDyn for quantifying diversity dynamics using fossil sampling data

Abstract

O_LIUnbiased time series of diversity dynamics are vital for quantifying the grand history of life. Applications include identifying ancient mass extinctions and inferring both biotic and abiotic controls on diversification rates.\nC_LIO_LIWe introduce divDyn, a new R package that facilitates the calculation of taxonomic richness, extinction and origination rates from time-binned fossil sampling data. State-of-the-art sampling completeness metrics, counting protocols, and sampling standardisation functions permit the reconstruction of biologically meaningful time series. Additional functions permit the partitioning of turnover rates by trait and environmental affinity.\nC_LIO_LIWe display Phanerozoic-scale diversity dynamics of marine invertebrates using the divDyn package. Using the core function and standard subsampling options, we revisit earlier assessments of declining extinction and origination rates over time and of equilibrial diversity dynamics to assess their methodological dependency.\nC_LIO_LIThe modular and fast implementation of published methods ensures traceability, reproducibility, and comparability of future studies.\nC_LI