Local and global chemical shaping of bacterial communities by redox potential

Abstract

Thermodynamics predicts a positive correlation between environmental redox potential and oxidation state of molecules; if found for microbial communities it would imply a new kind of deterministic eco-evolutionary process. This study examines evidence for local- and global-scale correlations between oxidation-reduction potential (ORP or Eh) in environmental samples and carbon oxidation state (ZC) of estimated bacterial and archaeal community proteomes. Seventy-nine public datasets for seven environment types (river & seawater, lake & pond, alkaline spring, hot spring, groundwater, sediment, and soil) were analyzed. Taxonomic abundances inferred from high-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequences were combined with NCBI Reference Sequence (RefSeq) proteomes to estimate the amino acid compositions and chemical formulas (CcHhNnOoSs) of community proteomes, which yield ZC. Alkaline hot springs have the lowest ZC for both bacterial and archaeal domains of any environment. Positive global correlations between redox potential and ZC are found for bacterial communities in lake & pond, groundwater, and soil environments, but not archaeal communities, suggesting a broad ecological signal of chemical shaping in Bacteria.