Toward welfare indicators: leg condition and aversive stimuli modulate defensive behavior in Opilones
Shannon L. O’Brien, Marcelo Araya‐Salas, Noah Skelly, D.H. Herrera, Ignacio Escalante
This study investigates behavioral indicators of welfare in Opilones by examining leg condition and response to aversive stimuli, finding fleeing and bobbing as potential negative welfare indicators.
bioRxiv · Oct 30, 2026 · PreprintAnimal Behavior & Cognition