An open-source closed-loop Virtual Reality system to investigate social interactions and collective behavior in fish
Stéphane Sanchez, Ramón Escobedo, Renaud Bastien, Boris A. J. Lenseigne, Audrey Denis, Mathieu Moreau, Maud Combe, Andrew David Straw, Clément Sire, Guy Theraulaz A
Real rummy-nose tetras follow a projected, anamorphically rendered virtual conspecific in a low-cost open-source 3D-tracked VR bowl, largely matching its speed and depth; a moving sphere elicits weak following.
PLoS ONE · Jan 21, 2026Peer-reviewedAnimal Behavior & Cognition✦ In-depth digest