Seed vernalization and gibberellic acid interact to affect life cycle type in facultative winter annual Canadian horseweed (Erigeron canadensis)
Robin Waterman, Brooke Catlett, Ishwari Bhatt, Georgia Edmonds, Jeffrey K. Conner
This study investigates how seed vernalization and gibberellic acid interact to influence life cycle type in Erigeron canadensis, finding that vernalization and GA both promote summer annual traits with variable responses across populations.
Weed Science · Jan 1, 2026Peer-reviewedPlant Biology