Renewable energy caves: water replenishment holes in offshore monopiles create novel marine habitats
Leandra M. Kornau, Birte Leutelt, C.J. van Sluis, Niek Bruinsma, Marjolijn D Mascini, Renate A. Olie, Frank AG Jacobs, Sytske van den Akker, Eva de Haan, Eline van Onselen, Natalia Strigin, Reindert Nijland, Joop W.P. Coolen
This study examines epifaunal communities inside and outside water replenishment holes in offshore monopiles, finding distinct environmental conditions and community compositions resembling marine cave environments.
Journal of Environmental Management · Aug 30, 2026Peer-reviewedEcology