Stable yet Shifting: Early Toxin Dynamics in Typical and Atypical Clownfish-Anemone Symbioses
Jason Macrander, Alyah Bennett, Katie Statile, Wyatt Rudd, Coral Tolman, Sofiia Kuklina, Shayna Burg, L. Whitton, Gabe Langford
This study examines toxin gene expression dynamics in clownfish-anemone symbiosis establishment across five anemone species, finding stable toxin assemblages but subtle transcript-level shifts with potential implications for symbiosis success.
Toxicon X · Jul 3, 2026Peer-reviewedGenetics