Green algal symbionts are stably retained and provisioned in the dark despite a clear physiological cost
Dongseok Kim, Betsy Varghese, Sergio A. Muñoz-Gómez
This study shows green algal symbionts in Paramecium bursaria remain stable and provisioned in the dark despite a physiological cost, with the host not reducing symbiont load or decreasing their proteome mass fraction.
bioRxiv · Aug 18, 2026 · PreprintPhysiology