The minimal endosymbiosis between Spurilla braziliana (Aeolidiidae, Nudibranchia) and Symbiodiniaceae
Hideaki Mizobata, Kenji Tomita, Ryo Yonezawa, Kentaro Hayashi, Kazutoshi Yoshitake, Shigeharu Kinoshita, Shuichi Asakawa
This study examines the algal symbiosis in Spurilla braziliana, finding limited morphological adaptations and absence of associated bacteria, suggesting a primitive symbiotic state.
Symbiosis · Nov 20, 2025Peer-reviewedZoology