Use treadmills with caution: Walking Energy Expenditure and Metabolic Cost are elevated compared to overground across multiple speeds in healthy young adults
Sauvik Das Gupta, Kanako KAMISHITA, Megumi Kondo, Yoshiyuki Kobayashi
This study compares energy expenditure and gait parameters between treadmill and overground walking in young adults, finding higher metabolic costs and altered gait patterns on treadmills across all speeds.
Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology · May 29, 2026Peer-reviewedPhysiology