Relative energetic economy of cleistogamous selfing in three populations of the perennial Ruellia humilis
T. Y. Soto, N. A. Ryan, C. G. Oakley
The paper compares the energetic costs of cleistogamous and chasmogamous reproduction in Ruellia humilis, finding cleistogamous flowers to be 4-10 times more energy efficient.
bioRxiv · May 23, 2023 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology