Non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation modulates Pavlovian bias in a state-dependent manner
Luisa Kaluza, Anne Kühnel, Nora Gerth, Yul Wegner, Corinna Schulz, Nils B. Kroemer
This study shows that non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation reduces Pavlovian response biases only after a caloric load, suggesting state-dependent modulation related to metabolic interoception.
Neuromodulation Technology at the Neural Interface · Jul 1, 2026Peer-reviewedNeuroscience