Morphogenesis of the diamond-type stereom microlattice and the origin of saddle-shaped minimal surfaces in the echinoderm skeleton
Kamil Humański, Giulio Facchini, Jenifer C. Croce, Dorota Kołbuk, Philippe Dubois, Przemysław Gorzelak
This study investigates the morphogenesis of diamond-type stereom in starfish, revealing two growth patterns and the role of F-actin in shaping minimal-surface geometries.
Acta Biomaterialia · Jan 8, 2026Peer-reviewedZoology