Gut bacterium of Leishmania donovani-non-transmitting sand fly induces IL-23~Th17 axis to protect hosts from drug-resistant visceral leishmaniasis
Suman Karmakar, Pritam Mandal, Supriya Nath, Soumyadip Mukherjee, Kamalika Roy, Mintu Karan, Sharmistha Paul, Sondipon Chakraborty, Ashif Ali Sardar, Mithun Sarkar, Pradyumna Patra, Chiranjib Pal
The paper identifies gut bacteria from non-transmitting sand flies that induce an IL-23~Th17 immune response to protect against drug-resistant visceral leishmaniasis.
bioRxiv · Oct 11, 2026 · PreprintImmunology