To self or to clone? Southern European woodland strawberry genotypes self-fertilize, whereas eastern European genotypes clone in a pollinator-free common garden.
Carolina Diller, Ivan M. De‐la‐Cruz, Paul A. Egan, Timo P. Hytönen, Johan A. Stenberg
The paper compares self-fertilization and clonal reproduction in European woodland strawberry genotypes under pollinator-free conditions, finding a trade-off and geographic patterns in reproductive strategies.
bioRxiv · Apr 1, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology