Impact of cross-validation designs on cattle behavior prediction using machine learning and deep learning models with tri-axial accelerometer data
Jin Wang, Ziwen Yu, Ricardo Carbonari Chebel, Haipeng Yu
Leave-cow-out validation lowered cattle behavior classification accuracy to 0.72 to 0.82, versus 0.9 to 0.96 under random hold-out splits that can place one animal's records in both sets.
Smart Agricultural Technology · Oct 10, 2025Peer-reviewedAnimal Behavior & Cognition✦ In-depth digest