Ancient genomes document multiple waves of migration in Southeast Asian prehistory

Mark Lipson; Olivia Cheronet; Swapan Mallick; Nadin Rohland; Marc Fredrick Oxenham; Michael Pietrusewsky; Thomas Oliver Pryce; Anna Willis; Hirofumi Matsumura; Hallie R. Buckley; Kate Domett; Giang Hai Nguyen; Hoang Hiep Trinh; Aung Aung Kyaw; Tin Tin Win; Baptiste Pradier; Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht; Francesca Candilio; Piya Changmai; Daniel Fernandes; Matthew Ferry; Beatriz Gamarra; Éadaoin Harney; Jatupol Kampuansai; Wibhu Kutanan; Megan Michel; Mario Novak; Jonas Oppenheimer; Kendra A. Sirak; Kristin Stewardson

doi:10.1126/science.aat3188

GeneticsScienceMay 17, 2018

Peer-reviewed journal article

Ancient genomes document multiple waves of migration in Southeast Asian prehistory

Mark Lipson iD, Olivia Cheronet iD, Swapan Mallick iD, Nadin Rohland iD, Marc Fredrick Oxenham iD, Michael Pietrusewsky iD, Thomas Oliver Pryce iD, Anna Willis iD, Hirofumi Matsumura iD, Hallie R. Buckley iD, Kate Domett iD, Giang Hai Nguyen, Hoang Hiep Trinh, Aung Aung Kyaw iD, Tin Tin Win, Baptiste Pradier iD, Nasreen Broomandkhoshbacht iD, Francesca Candilio iD, Piya Changmai iD, Daniel Fernandes iD, Matthew Ferry iD, Beatriz Gamarra iD, Éadaoin Harney iD, Jatupol Kampuansai iD, Wibhu Kutanan iD, , David Reich iD

Abstract

Southeast Asia is home to rich human genetic and linguistic diversity, but the details of past population movements in the region are not well known. Here, we report genome-wide ancient DNA data from thirteen Southeast Asian individuals spanning from the Neolithic period through the Iron Age (4100-1700 years ago). Early agriculturalists from Man Bac in Vietnam possessed a mixture of East Asian (southern Chinese farmer) and deeply diverged eastern Eurasian (hunter-gatherer) ancestry characteristic of Austroasiatic speakers, with similar ancestry as far south as Indonesia providing evidence for an expansive initial spread of Austroasiatic languages. In a striking parallel with Europe, later sites from across the region show closer connections to present-day majority groups, reflecting a second major influx of migrants by the time of the Bronze Age.

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