Susceptibility Patterns of Multiple Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria from Wound and Urine Samples to the Extract of Spondias Mombin (Linn)

Abstract

This study evaluates the antibacterial activity of Spondias mombin L. against multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria isolated from wound and urine samples of patients attending five (5) selected hospitals in Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria. A total of 313 bacterial isolates were isolated from 353 samples of wound and urine using standard bacteriological procedures, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus being the most predominant in urine and wound samples, respectively. The methanolic extract of S. mombin was the most effective against wound isolates, while the aqueous extract was the most effective against urine isolates. The results showed that the methanol extract of S. mombin had a zone of inhibition of 24.00{+/-}0.00, 30.67{+/-}0.33 and 19.33{+/-}0.33 mm respectively, against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa at 100 mg/ml. The aqueous extract had a zone of inhibition of 24.67{+/-}0.33, 27.33{+/-}0.33, 18.67{+/-}0.33, 24.67{+/-}0.33, 23.67{+/-}0.33, 21.33{+/-}0.33 and 21.67{+/-}0.33 mm against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa, Proteus mirabilis, S. aureus, S. saprophyticus and Trichomonas vaginalis respectively, at 100 mg/ml. The phytochemical constituents of the extracts include alkaloids, anthraquinones, cardiac glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, steroids and tannins. These compounds may be responsible for the antibacterial activity of S. mombin against the multiple antibiotic-resistant bacterial isolates. The findings of this study demonstrates the potential of S. mombin as an alternative treatment for multiple antibiotic-resistant bacteria from wound and urine.