Tactile localization of the breast, areola, and nipple

AO_SCPLOWBSTRACTC_SCPLOWTouch plays a key role in our perception of our body and shapes our interactions with the world, from the objects we manipulate to the people we touch. While the tactile sensibility of the hand has been extensively characterized, much less is known about touch on other parts of the body. Despite the important role of the breast in lactation as well as in affective and sexual touch, relatively little is known about its sensory properties. To fill this gap, we investigated the ability of women to locate touches on the breast and compared it to that of the hand and back, body regions that span the range of tactile discriminative capabilities. First, we found that the tactile precision of the breast was even lower than that of the back, heretofore the paragon of poor precision. Second, precision was lower for breasts that had undergone greater expansion, consistent with the hypothesis that innervation capacity does not scale with body size. Third, touches to different regions of the nipple were largely indistinguishable, suggesting sparse innervation density. Fourth, localization errors were systematically biased toward the nipple. SO_SCPLOWIGNIFICANCEC_SCPLOWOur basic understanding of the tactile capabilities of the breast remains poorly understood in comparison to the hand or face despite the fact that the breast plays a major role in the lives of those with breasts. This paper establishes common methods for studying breast tactile sensation and presents the breast and nipple as two fundamentally discrete tactile units from the torso.