An Approach to Measure Conductivity Gradients of Brain Tissue Transitions using Electrode Arrays

Accurate determination of surgical margins is critical in tumor resection to ensure complete removal of tumor-infiltrated tissue while preserving healthy tissue. Pathological assessment provides reliable information but is time-consuming. This study investigates the feasibility of using impedance spectroscopy to detect tissue transitions at a macroscopic level. Two electrode arrays--one-dimensional and two-dimensional--were applied to ex vivo porcine brain tissue. Measurements were performed using both two- and four-electrode configurations, and data were corrected using the multiple-load compensation method. Results demonstrate that the one-dimensional array provides continuous conductivity profiles corresponding to tissue transitions, while the two-dimensional array showed less consistent results. These findings suggest that impedance spectroscopy is a promising tool for intraoperative margin detection, but further optimization of electrode geometry and measurement data processing is required.