Drift-diffusion dynamics of hippocampal replay

Replay in the hippocampus during sharp-wave ripples is thought to play major roles in learning and memory. However, existing analysis methods often lead to inconsistent and inaccurate metrics for characterizing replay dynamics. We develop a novel computational framework that model the replay dynamics using drift-diffusion process. Further, to capture the potentially rich population-level dynamics during sharp-wave ripples, our model allows switching between multiple well-motivated types of dynamics. Applications of our method to rat hippocampal recordings lead to insights into a number of important open questions, including: (i) whether the speed of most replay events is comparable to real-world running; (ii) whether replays follow a random walk; (iii) whether "preplay" events exist. Overall, our approach enables precise characterizations and unambiguous interpretations of population dynamics during sharp-wave ripples, which more broadly can provide a better understanding of the functions and underlying mechanisms of replay.