Genome Analyses of a New Mycoplasma Species From the scorpion Centruroides vittatus.

Abstract

Arthropod Mycoplasma are little known endosymbionts in insects, primarily known as plant disease vectors. Mycoplasma in other arthropods such as arachnids are unknown. We report the first complete Mycoplasma genome sequenced, identified, and annotated from a scorpion, Centruroides vittatus, and designate it as Mycoplasma vittatus. We find the genome is at least a 683,827 bp single circular chromosome with a GC content of 43.7% and with 1,010 protein-coding genes. The putative virulence determinants include 20 genes associated with the virulence operon associated with protein synthesis (SSU ribosomal proteins) and nine genes with fluoroquinolone resistance. Comparative analysis revealed that the M. vittatus genome is smaller than other Mycoplasma genomes and exhibits a higher GC content. Phylogenetic analysis shows M. vittatus as part of the Hominis group of Mycoplasma. As arthropod genomes accumulate, further novel Mycoplasma genomes may be identified and characterized.