Molecular Clock and Phylogeny of Anopheles species of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus (Diptera: Culicidae)

The main Phylogenetic hypothesis supporting the Myzorhynchella section as a natural group, but the sections Albimanus and Argyritarsis, do not present clearly resolved relationships, nor is it possible to recover the monophyly of both sections, even within these sections of Nyssorhynchus; it has not been possible identify the relationships between the species that make up these taxonomic subdivisions (Sallum, 2000, Sallum, 2002, Bourke, 2011, Foster, 2013). This lack of resolution has been attributed to the effect of few species for phylogenetic studies, making difficult the determination of monophyly of many groups, subgroups and complexes within sections Albimanus and Argyritarsis\n\nWe infer the phylogeny of the subgenus Nyssorhynchus through the sequences characterized for the molecular markers ND6, COI-Barcode, White and CAD, in addition we calculate the times of divergence for the main lineages corresponding to the sections Albimanus, Argyritarsis and Myzorhynchella using Bayesian approaches.