Temporal experience modifies future thoughts: Manipulation of Libet's W influences difficulty assessment during a decision-making task

Abstract

Past studies have employed the subjective experience of decision time (Libets W) as an index of consciousness, marking the moment at which the agent first becomes aware of a decision. In the current study, we examined whether the temporal experience of W affects subsequent experience related to the action. Specifically, we tested whether W influenced the perception of difficulty in a decision-making task, hypothesizing that temporal awareness of W might influence the sense of difficulty. Consistent with our predictions, when W was perceived as early or late, participants subsequently rated the decision difficulty to be easy or difficult, respectively (Exp.1). Further investigation showed that perceived difficulty, however, did not influence W (Exp.2). Together, our findings suggest a unidirectional relationship such that W plays a role in the metacognition of difficulty evaluation. The results imply that subjective temporal experience of decision time modifies the consequential sense of difficulty. HighlightsO_LIPerceived timing of decision (W) can bias the metacognition of difficulty evaluation in a decision-making task. C_LIO_LIDefined as a temporal index of consciousness, time Ws influence on difficulty evaluation reflects the possibility that the role of consciousness is to modify subsequent thoughts and behaviors. C_LIO_LIExplicit attention is necessary for the timing of decision (W) to be consciously experienced and effectively influential on subsequent thoughts. C_LI