Desire and Craving ratings vary significantly for healthy alcohol consumers: Differences in semantic interpretation?

Abstract

Craving is a central concept in alcohol, and other substance, research. Beginning in 1955 the World Health Organization outlined a working definition of the term to be used in research and clinical settings. However, the semantic interpretation of "craving" as a concept is not widely agreed upon. Since the publication of this first craving definition, a handful of studies have been conducted to investigate differences in operational definitions of "craving", and have demonstrated a lack of agreement between studies and across research subjects. With this background as evidence, our research group investigated, when left to their own semantic understanding of the terms, if regular alcohol consumers would rate craving for alcohol and desire for alcohol in similar ways using related descriptors. Thirty-nine healthy, non-binging regular alcohol consumers were studied across periods of their typical alcohol consumption and imposed alcohol abstinence, collecting ratings of desire and craving for alcohol approximately every two hours across the two experimental periods, and during neutral and alcohol related imagery viewing. Among these non-binging regular drinkers, ratings of desire and craving for alcohol are consistently different while drinking according to a persons typical routine or abstaining, throughout the day, and when viewing alcohol cue imagery.