eIF3 subunit M regulates blood meal digestion in Rhodnius prolixus affecting ecdysis, reproduction and survival.

Abstract

In triatomines, blood-feeding triggers many physiological processes, including post-embryonic development and reproduction. Different feeding habits, such as hematophagy, can shape gene functions to meet the challenges of each type of diet. A comparison of transcriptomic and proteomic data indicates that post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression is crucial in triatomines, so we evaluated the impact of RNAi silencing of the eukaryotic translation initiation factors 3 subunit m (eIF3m) in R. prolixus physiology. We showed that eIF3m is essential for correct digestion, affecting the processes triggered by a blood meal. The silencing of this gene inhibited moulting and caused the premature death of nymphs, while in adult females inhibited oviposition and increased resistance to starvation. Male survival was not affected by eIF3m knockdown. The information regarding the eIF3m function in insects is scarce. The phenotypes observed in R. prolixus upon eIF3m gene silencing are different and more severe than those described in Drosophila melanogaster, pointing to the particular importance of this gene in triatomines. Summary statementThe information provided here indicates the importance of mRNA translation in modulating growth, reproduction, lifespan and starvation resistance in triatomine vectors.