Imaging FCS Delineates Subtle Heterogeneity in Plasma Membranes of Resting Mast Cells

Abstract

A myriad of transient, nanoscopic lipid- and protein-based interactions confer a steady-state organization of plasma membrane in resting cells that is poised to orchestrate assembly of key signaling components upon reception of an extracellular stimulus. Although difficult to observe directly in live cells, these subtle interactions can be discerned by their impact on the diffusion of membrane constituents. Herein, we quantified the diffusion properties of a panel of structurally distinct lipid-anchored and transmembrane (TM) probes in RBL mast cells by multiplexed Imaging Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy. We developed a statistical analysis of data combined from many pixels over multiple cells to characterize differences as small as 10% in diffusion coefficients, which reflect differences in underlying interactions. We found that the distinctive diffusion properties of lipid-anchored probes can be explained by their dynamic partitioning into ordered proteo-lipid nanodomains, which encompass a major fraction of the membrane and whose physical properties are influenced by actin polymerization. Effects on diffusion by functional protein modules in both lipid-anchored and TM probes reflect additional complexity in steady-state membrane organization. The contrast we observe between different probes diffusing through the same membrane milieu represent the dynamic resting steady-state, which serves as a baseline for monitoring plasma membrane remodeling that occurs upon stimulation.