The Influence of Material Surface Properties on Initial Bacterial Attachment and Biofilm Formation on Built Environment Surfaces
Kobi Talma, Nathan Bossa, Evan Hankinson, Lijia Gao, Aicha El Kharraf, Mark Robert Wiesner
Across seven built-environment materials, initial attachment efficiency of four bacteria depended on species (Gram-negative higher than Gram-positive), not material, whereas 24-hour biofilm biomass was highest on stainless steel.
bioRxiv · Sep 20, 2026 · PreprintMicrobiology✦ In-depth digest