Female sexual agency and frequent extra-pair copulations, but no extra-pair paternity, in Nazca boobies (Sula granti)
David J. Anderson, Kathryn P. Huyvaert, Paola M. Espinosa, Mark A. Westbrock, Jill A. Awkerman, Eric G. Schneider
The paper studies EPCs and EPFs in Nazca boobies, finding females have high EPC rates but no EPFs due to timing differences between EPC and WPC.
PLoS ONE · Oct 30, 2025Peer-reviewedAnimal Behavior & Cognition