An engineered multi-step differentiation program in Escherichia coli for self-organized spatial patterning
Erica Boni, Hélène Siboulet, Giacomo Ceracchini, Içvara Barbier, Gábor Holló, Hadiastri Kusumawardhani, Yolanda Schaerli
This paper engineers a multi-step differentiation program in E. coli to generate self-organized spatial patterns through symmetry breaking, paracrine, and autocrine signaling.
bioRxiv · Jul 16, 2026 · PreprintSynthetic Biology