Female-biased sex ratios despite stable genetic sex determination across a climatic gradient in a marine fish
Sandra Lorena Ament‐Velásquez, Trond Amundsen, Sebastian Wacker, Linn A.S. Aresvik, Halvor Knutsen, Marte Sodeland, Ignas Bunikis, Elisabet Forsgren, Anne Christine Utne-Palm, Qiaowei Pan, Ivain Martinossi‐Allibert
The paper investigates adult sex ratio bias in a marine fish across a climatic gradient, finding female bias arises from ecological factors rather than genetic or environmental sex determination.
bioRxiv · Feb 17, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology