TRACKING EVOLUTIONARY COSTS OF IMMUNE ADAPTATION AGAINST SINGLE VERSUS COINFECTING PATHOGENS
Srijan Seal, Pranjal Tiwari, Kripanjali Ghosh, Prithwiraj Debnath, Neha Kumari, Imroze Khan
This study examines evolutionary costs of immune adaptation against single vs coinfecting pathogens in beetles, finding no trade-offs in major fitness traits but reduced quinone production and reproductive costs under limited resources.
bioRxiv · Feb 27, 2026 · PreprintEvolutionary Biology