Mixed-species interactions constrain diversification and shape biofilm evolution
Sanaa Harrass, Joyce To, Parisa Noorian, Gustavo Espinoza-Vergara, Vaughn S. Cooper, Scott A. Rice, Diane McDougald, M. Mozammel Hoque
This study evolves three bacterial species in single- and mixed-species biofilms, showing mixed-species interactions constrain diversification while promoting specific adaptive mutations.
ISME Communications · Jan 1, 2026Peer-reviewedMicrobiology