Enkephalin constrains fear learning via volume transmission to the lateral amygdala
Roger Wang, Joanna Oi-Yue Yau, Muskaan Kalra, Sophia Gilchrist, Abbey Livermore, Gabrielle C. Gregoriou, Merle Schennink, Cesar Moreno, Rakulan Santhakumar, Neda Rafiei, Zian Hao, Julianne Estrella, Thea Thomsen, Emilie Hartvig, Maria Capertonova, , Elena E. Bagley
This study shows that enkephalin released in the amygdala during fear learning suppresses dopamine release, thereby constraining fear memory formation.
bioRxiv · Jul 23, 2026 · PreprintNeuroscience