Identification of gingipains in glioblastoma tumors and evidence that P. gingivalis infection drives IL-6 and PD-L1 expression in glioma cells
Ella M. Moore, Laurent Adonis Bekale, Zin Mie Mie Tun, Jing Chen, Mark I. Ryder, Florian Ermini, Stephen S. Dominy, Annelise E. Barron
This paper identifies elevated gingipain antigens in glioblastoma tissue and shows P. gingivalis infection increases IL-6 and PD-L1 expression, promoting immunosuppressive and invasive glioma cell behavior.
bioRxiv · Nov 13, 2025 · PreprintNeuroscience